Kinds of fabric
Mainly two kinds of fabric
1.Woven fabric
2. Non- woven fabric
Non-woven fabric divided in two.
a) knitted
b) Felted/Bonded
1.Woven fabric
2. Non- woven fabric
Non-woven fabric divided in two.
a) knitted
b) Felted/Bonded
Woven fabric
Structure of plain woven fabric
Woven
fabric: Woven fabrics are produced in the weaving machine.In
woven fabrics two series of yarns are observed. The yarn laid in length
direction of fabric are called warp yarn and the yarn laid in width
direction of fabric is called weft yarn.The warp yarns are also called
ends and the weft yarns are also called picks.The warp and the weft yarn
are bond together by their interlace called fabric structure.The
most common fabric structures are plain and twill woven fabric.
Knitted fabric
Structure of knit fabric
Knitted fabrics: Knitted fabrics are produced in the knitting machine.In knitting machine one series of yarn are used.Loops of yarns are bound together by passing one series of loop through other series of loop and forms the fabrics.Binding of one series of loop with another series of loop may be done on various patterns.These loop binding patterns are knit structure.The most common knit structures are called single jersey,rib,polo-pique,interlock etc.
Felted fabric
Felted/Bonded fabrics: This type of fabric is produced directly from the textile fibers. The fibers are laid in sheet form of regular thickness of fibers. Then the fibers are bound together by felting or bonding method. There are various techniques available for fiber bonding. Needle punching is one of the popular method of non-oven fabric Production. Strength and dimensional stability of felted or bonded fabric is less than the oven-woven fabric is interlining, floor covering wall cloth etc.
Thermal clothing
The term "Thermal clothing " is using in the trade for last few
years.The term " Thermal" in used for different clothing.Thermal
clothing means the clothing.Which feel worm weather and worm in cool
weather when worm.The basic properties of those clothing depends on
their thickness,air permeability and winking properties.
wool and wool mixed fabrics and clothing are are of higher thickness, wool fibers have natural crimp and more space in the fabric hence feels worm when worm.Cotton and cotton mixed fabrics are thin;more over the cotton fibers remain in flat condition in the fabric hence surface area of contact with body is greater.So, cotton clothing feel cool when worm. Clothing made from PVC fiber is thin, more air space in the clothing and less surface area of contact.Hence feels worm when worm.PVC blended clothing feels cool in worm weather because it has more air space through which vapor molecules can easily pass through those air spaces. More over the PVC fibers does not absorb water molecules,hence it does not wetted.
wool and wool mixed fabrics and clothing are are of higher thickness, wool fibers have natural crimp and more space in the fabric hence feels worm when worm.Cotton and cotton mixed fabrics are thin;more over the cotton fibers remain in flat condition in the fabric hence surface area of contact with body is greater.So, cotton clothing feel cool when worm. Clothing made from PVC fiber is thin, more air space in the clothing and less surface area of contact.Hence feels worm when worm.PVC blended clothing feels cool in worm weather because it has more air space through which vapor molecules can easily pass through those air spaces. More over the PVC fibers does not absorb water molecules,hence it does not wetted.
Water and wind resistant clothing:
It is seen that the human body temperature can be lost by various
methods.Especially in a very cold weather and air -blowing
situation,temperature human body can be lost very quickly.In a cold
weather, a person riding bicycle , can lost temperature very
quickly.Under this circumstances,the person should cover his entire body
by clothing , other wise his life may be in risk.The design of the
clothing should be such that the worm air of body surface cannot pass
through the opening areas of clothing or fabric due to force
convention.That means the clothing must be wind resistant